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| Author | SHA1 | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|
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9289a355c1 |
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/cmake-build-debug/
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/vcpkg_installed/
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/build/
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-8
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# Default ignored files
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/shelf/
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/workspace.xml
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# Editor-based HTTP Client requests
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/httpRequests/
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# Datasource local storage ignored files
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/dataSources/
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/dataSources.local.xml
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Generated
-2
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<module classpath="CMake" type="CPP_MODULE" version="4" />
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Generated
-7
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<project version="4">
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<component name="CMakePythonSetting">
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<option name="pythonIntegrationState" value="YES" />
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</component>
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<component name="CMakeWorkspace" PROJECT_DIR="$PROJECT_DIR$" />
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</project>
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-8
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<project version="4">
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<component name="ProjectModuleManager">
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<modules>
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<module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/gravity.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/gravity.iml" />
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</modules>
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</component>
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</project>
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Generated
-7
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<project version="4">
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<component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
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||||||
<mapping directory="" vcs="Git" />
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||||||
<mapping directory="$PROJECT_DIR$/vcpkg" vcs="Git" />
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</component>
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</project>
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@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
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cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.28)
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project(gravity)
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set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
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# Use vcpkg
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if(DEFINED ENV{VCPKG_ROOT} AND NOT DEFINED CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE)
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set(CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE "$ENV{VCPKG_ROOT}/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake"
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CACHE STRING "Vcpkg toolchain file")
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endif()
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# Find packages
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find_package(OpenGL REQUIRED)
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find_package(GLEW REQUIRED)
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find_package(glfw3 CONFIG REQUIRED)
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find_package(glm CONFIG REQUIRED)
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# Add executable
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add_executable(gravity
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main.cpp
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CelestialBody.cpp
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Simulator.cpp
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Renderer.cpp
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)
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# Include directories
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target_include_directories(gravity PRIVATE
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${OPENGL_INCLUDE_DIRS}
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${GLEW_INCLUDE_DIRS}
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)
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# Link libraries
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target_link_libraries(gravity PRIVATE
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${OPENGL_LIBRARIES}
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GLEW::GLEW
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glfw
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glm::glm
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)
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if(UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
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target_link_libraries(gravity PRIVATE GL)
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endif()
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@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
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//
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// Created by Quinta on 7/12/2024.
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//
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#include "CelestialBody.h"
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#include <iostream>
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#include <sstream>
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// Helper function to convert glm::vec3 to string
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std::string vec3_to_string(const glm::vec3& v) {
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std::stringstream ss;
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ss << "(" << v.x << ", " << v.y << ", " << v.z << ")";
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return ss.str();
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}
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CelestialBody::CelestialBody(double mass, const glm::dvec3& position, const glm::dvec3& velocity, double radius)
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: mass(mass), position(position), velocity(velocity), acceleration(0.0f) {}
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void CelestialBody::update(double dt) {
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// Runge-Kutta 4th order method
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glm::dvec3 k1v = acceleration * dt;
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glm::dvec3 k1r = velocity * dt;
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glm::dvec3 k2v = acceleration * dt;
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glm::dvec3 k2r = (velocity + k1v * 0.5) * dt;
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glm::dvec3 k3v = acceleration * dt;
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glm::dvec3 k3r = (velocity + k2v * 0.5) * dt;
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glm::dvec3 k4v = acceleration * dt;
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glm::dvec3 k4r = (velocity + k3v) * dt;
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velocity += (k1v + 2.0 * k2v + 2.0 * k3v + k4v) / 6.0;
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position += (k1r + 2.0 * k2r + 2.0 * k3r + k4r) / 6.0;
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acceleration = glm::dvec3(0.0);
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}
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void CelestialBody::applyForce(const glm::dvec3& force) {
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acceleration += force / mass;
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}
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void CelestialBody::addToTrajectory(const glm::dvec3& position) {
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trajectory.push_back(position);
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if (trajectory.size() > MAX_TRAJECTORY_POINTS) {
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trajectory.erase(trajectory.begin());
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}
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}
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@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
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//
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||||||
// Created by Quinta on 7/12/2024.
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//
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#ifndef GRAVITY_CELESTIALBODY_H
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#define GRAVITY_CELESTIALBODY_H
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#pragma once
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#include <glm/glm.hpp>
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#include <string>
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#include <vector>
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class CelestialBody {
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||||||
public:
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CelestialBody(double mass, const glm::dvec3& position, const glm::dvec3& velocity, double radius);
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||||||
void update(double dt);
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||||||
void applyForce(const glm::dvec3& force);
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||||||
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||||||
[[nodiscard]] double getMass() const { return mass; }
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||||||
[[nodiscard]] glm::dvec3 getPosition() const { return position; }
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||||||
[[nodiscard]] glm::dvec3 getVelocity() const { return velocity; }
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|
||||||
void addToTrajectory(const glm::dvec3& position);
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||||||
const std::vector<glm::dvec3>& getTrajectory() const { return trajectory; }
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||||||
double getRadius() const { return radius; }
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||||||
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||||||
private:
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||||||
double mass;
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||||||
glm::dvec3 position;
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glm::dvec3 velocity;
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glm::dvec3 acceleration;
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std::vector<glm::dvec3> trajectory;
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static const size_t MAX_TRAJECTORY_POINTS = 1000;
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double radius;
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||||||
};
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||||||
#endif //GRAVITY_CELESTIALBODY_H
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@@ -1,111 +1 @@
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# 3D Gravity Simulato
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# gravity
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||||||

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## Overview
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||||||
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||||||
This 3D Gravity Simulator is a C++ program that visualizes the gravitational interactions between celestial bodies in a simplified solar system model. It uses OpenGL for rendering and GLFW for window management and user input.
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||||||
## Program Structure
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||||||
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||||||
The simulator consists of several key components:
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||||||
1. `Simulator`: Handles the physics calculations and updates the positions of celestial bodies.
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2. `Renderer`: Manages the 3D rendering of the celestial bodies, trajectories, and grid.
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3. `CelestialBody`: Represents individual celestial bodies with properties like mass, position, and velocity.
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## Physics Implementation
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||||||
### Gravitational Force
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The simulator uses Newton's law of universal gravitation to calculate the forces between celestial bodies. The gravitational force between two bodies is given by:
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$$
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F = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}
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||||||
$$
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||||||
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||||||
Where:
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||||||
- $F$ is the gravitational force between the two bodies
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||||||
- $G$ is the gravitational constant ($6.67430 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{N} \cdot \text{m}^2 / \text{kg}^2$)
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- $m_1$ and $m_2$ are the masses of the two bodies
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- $r$ is the distance between the centers of the two bodies
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||||||
### Motion Update
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||||||
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The motion of each celestial body is updated using numerical integration. We use a simple Euler method for updating positions and velocities:
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||||||
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||||||
1. Calculate the net force on each body
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||||||
2. Calculate acceleration:
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||||||
```math
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||||||
$$ \vec{a} = \frac{\vec{F}}{m} $$
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||||||
```
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||||||
3. Update velocity:
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||||||
```math
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||||||
$$ \vec{v}_{new} = \vec{v}_{old} + \vec{a} \Delta t $$
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|
||||||
```
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||||||
4. Update position:
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||||||
```math
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||||||
$$ \vec{x}_{new} = \vec{x}_{old} + \vec{v}_{new} \Delta t $$
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|
||||||
```
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|
||||||
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||||||
Where $\Delta t$ is the time step of the simulation.
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|
||||||
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||||||
## Rendering
|
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||||||
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|
||||||
The program uses OpenGL to render the 3D scene:
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|
||||||
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||||||
- Celestial bodies are represented as spheres with sizes proportional to their masses (using a logarithmic scale).
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||||||
- A grid is drawn to provide a reference plane.
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||||||
- Trajectories of the bodies are drawn as lines, fading out over time.
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||||||
- The camera can be controlled using WASD keys for movement and the mouse for orientation.
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|
||||||
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|
||||||
## Limitations and Simplifications
|
|
||||||
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|
||||||
1. The simulation uses a fixed time step, which can lead to inaccuracies in long-term simulations.
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||||||
2. The Euler method for numerical integration is simple but can accumulate errors over time.
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||||||
3. The scale of the celestial bodies and their distances are not to true scale to make visualization easier.
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4. Relativistic effects are not considered; the simulation uses classical Newtonian mechanics.
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||||||
# How to Use & Installation
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|
||||||
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||||||
## Prerequisites
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|
||||||
- C++ compiler with C++17 support
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||||||
- CMake (version 3.28 or higher)
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||||||
- OpenGL libraries
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|
||||||
- GLFW3
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|
||||||
- GLM (OpenGL Mathematics)
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||||||
- vcpkg (for managing dependencies)
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Building from Source
|
|
||||||
1. Clone the repository:
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|
||||||
```bash
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|
||||||
git clone https://github.com/Quinta0/gravity.git
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|
||||||
cd gravity
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|
||||||
```
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|
||||||
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|
||||||
2. Install vcpkg:
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|
||||||
```bash
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|
||||||
git clone https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg.git
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|
||||||
cd vcpkg
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|
||||||
./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh # On Windows, use bootstrap-vcpkg.bat
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|
||||||
./vcpkg integrate install
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|
||||||
cd ..
|
|
||||||
```
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
3. Install dependencies using vcpkg:
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|
||||||
```bash
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|
||||||
./vcpkg/vcpkg install freeglut glew glm vcpkg-cmake opengl glfw3
|
|
||||||
```
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
4. Create a build directory and run CMake:
|
|
||||||
```bash
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|
||||||
mkdir build
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|
||||||
cd build
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|
||||||
cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake ..
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|
||||||
cmake --build .
|
|
||||||
```
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
5. Run the simulator:
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|
||||||
```bash
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|
||||||
./gravity
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|
||||||
```
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-361
@@ -1,361 +0,0 @@
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|||||||
//
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|
||||||
// Created by Quinta on 7/12/2024.
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|
||||||
//
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|
||||||
#include "Renderer.h"
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|
||||||
#include <vector>
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|
||||||
#include <cmath>
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|
||||||
#include <stdexcept>
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Renderer::Renderer(int width, int height)
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|
||||||
: cameraPos(3e11f, 2e11f, 3e11f),
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|
||||||
cameraFront(glm::normalize(glm::vec3(0.0f) - glm::vec3(3e11f, 2e11f, 3e11f))),
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|
||||||
cameraUp(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f),
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|
||||||
cameraSpeed(1e9f),
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|
||||||
mouseSensitivity(0.05f),
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|
||||||
yaw(-45.0f),
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|
||||||
pitch(-30.0f),
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|
||||||
mousePressed(false),
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|
||||||
lastMouseX(width / 2.0),
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|
||||||
lastMouseY(height / 2.0)
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|
||||||
{
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|
||||||
if (!glfwInit()) {
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|
||||||
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to initialize GLFW");
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|
||||||
}
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
window = glfwCreateWindow(width, height, "3D Gravity Simulator", nullptr, nullptr);
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|
||||||
if (!window) {
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|
||||||
glfwTerminate();
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|
||||||
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create GLFW window");
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|
||||||
}
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK) {
|
|
||||||
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to initialize GLEW");
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
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|
||||||
glDisable(GL_LIGHTING);
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|
||||||
glDisable(GL_LIGHT0);
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|
||||||
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
createSphereMesh(1.0f, 20, 20);
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Set up camera
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|
||||||
glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_NORMAL);
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|
||||||
glfwSetWindowUserPointer(window, this);
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|
||||||
glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, cursorPosCallback);
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|
||||||
glfwSetMouseButtonCallback(window, mouseButtonCallback);
|
|
||||||
}
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Renderer::~Renderer() {
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|
||||||
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &sphereVAO);
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|
||||||
glDeleteBuffers(1, &sphereVBO);
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|
||||||
glDeleteBuffers(1, &sphereEBO);
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|
||||||
glfwDestroyWindow(window);
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|
||||||
glfwTerminate();
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|
||||||
}
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::render(const Simulator& simulator) {
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|
||||||
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
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|
||||||
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.1f, 1.0f);
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
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|
||||||
glLoadIdentity();
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|
||||||
gluPerspective(45.0, 1600.0 / 1200.0, 1e8, 1e14);
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
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|
||||||
glLoadIdentity();
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|
||||||
glm::vec3 center = glm::vec3(0, 0, 0); // Look at the center of the system
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|
||||||
gluLookAt(cameraPos.x, cameraPos.y, cameraPos.z,
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|
||||||
center.x, center.y, center.z,
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|
||||||
cameraUp.x, cameraUp.y, cameraUp.z);
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|
||||||
drawGrid(simulator);
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|
||||||
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|
||||||
glEnable(GL_BLEND);
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|
||||||
glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
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|
||||||
drawTrajectories(simulator.getBodies());
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|
||||||
glDisable(GL_BLEND);
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|
||||||
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|
||||||
const auto& bodies = simulator.getBodies();
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|
||||||
double maxMass = 0;
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|
||||||
double minMass = std::numeric_limits<double>::max();
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Find the maximum and minimum masses
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|
||||||
for (const auto& body : bodies) {
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|
||||||
maxMass = std::max(maxMass, body.getMass());
|
|
||||||
minMass = std::min(minMass, body.getMass());
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < bodies.size(); ++i) {
|
|
||||||
const auto& body = bodies[i];
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 pos = body.getPosition();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Calculate the log range
|
|
||||||
double logMinMass = std::log10(minMass);
|
|
||||||
double logMaxMass = std::log10(maxMass);
|
|
||||||
double logRange = logMaxMass - logMinMass;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < bodies.size(); ++i) {
|
|
||||||
const auto& body = bodies[i];
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Calculate the scale factor based on mass
|
|
||||||
double logMass = std::log10(body.getMass());
|
|
||||||
double normalizedLogMass = (logMass - logMinMass) / logRange;
|
|
||||||
float minScale = 5e9f; // Minimum scale to ensure visibility
|
|
||||||
float maxScale = 5e10f; // Maximum scale to prevent overly large objects
|
|
||||||
float scaleFactor = minScale + static_cast<float>(normalizedLogMass) * (maxScale - minScale);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 pos = body.getPosition();
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 renderPos(static_cast<float>(pos.x), static_cast<float>(pos.y), static_cast<float>(pos.z));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Set color based on body index
|
|
||||||
switch(i) {
|
|
||||||
case 0: glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); break; // Sun: Yellow
|
|
||||||
case 1: glColor3f(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f); break; // Mercury: Gray
|
|
||||||
case 2: glColor3f(0.9f, 0.7f, 0.4f); break; // Venus: Light Orange
|
|
||||||
case 3: glColor3f(0.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f); break; // Earth: Blue
|
|
||||||
case 4: glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); break; // Mars: Red
|
|
||||||
case 5: glColor3f(0.8f, 0.6f, 0.2f); break; // Jupiter: Light Brown
|
|
||||||
case 6: glColor3f(0.9f, 0.9f, 0.7f); break; // Saturn: Light Yellow
|
|
||||||
case 7: glColor3f(0.0f, 0.5f, 0.5f); break; // Uranus: Cyan
|
|
||||||
case 8: glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); break; // Neptune: Dark Blue
|
|
||||||
case 9: glColor3f(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f); break; // Pluto: Gray
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
default: glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); break; // White for any additional bodies
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
drawSphere(renderPos, scaleFactor);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
bool Renderer::shouldClose() {
|
|
||||||
return glfwWindowShouldClose(window);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::swapBuffers() {
|
|
||||||
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
|
|
||||||
glfwPollEvents();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::drawSphere(const glm::vec3& position, float radius) {
|
|
||||||
glPushMatrix();
|
|
||||||
glTranslatef(position.x, position.y, position.z);
|
|
||||||
glScalef(radius, radius, radius);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glBindVertexArray(sphereVAO);
|
|
||||||
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, sphereIndexCount, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
|
|
||||||
glBindVertexArray(0);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glPopMatrix();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::createSphereMesh(float radius, int sectors, int stacks) {
|
|
||||||
std::vector<GLfloat> vertices;
|
|
||||||
std::vector<GLuint> indices;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
float x, y, z, xy;
|
|
||||||
float nx, ny, nz, lengthInv = 1.0f / radius;
|
|
||||||
float s, t;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
float sectorStep = 2 * M_PI / sectors;
|
|
||||||
float stackStep = M_PI / stacks;
|
|
||||||
float sectorAngle, stackAngle;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
for (int i = 0; i <= stacks; ++i) {
|
|
||||||
stackAngle = M_PI / 2 - i * stackStep;
|
|
||||||
xy = radius * cosf(stackAngle);
|
|
||||||
z = radius * sinf(stackAngle);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
for (int j = 0; j <= sectors; ++j) {
|
|
||||||
sectorAngle = j * sectorStep;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
x = xy * cosf(sectorAngle);
|
|
||||||
y = xy * sinf(sectorAngle);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
nx = x * lengthInv;
|
|
||||||
ny = y * lengthInv;
|
|
||||||
nz = z * lengthInv;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
vertices.push_back(x);
|
|
||||||
vertices.push_back(y);
|
|
||||||
vertices.push_back(z);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
for (int i = 0; i < stacks; ++i) {
|
|
||||||
int k1 = i * (sectors + 1);
|
|
||||||
int k2 = k1 + sectors + 1;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
for (int j = 0; j < sectors; ++j, ++k1, ++k2) {
|
|
||||||
if (i != 0) {
|
|
||||||
indices.push_back(k1);
|
|
||||||
indices.push_back(k2);
|
|
||||||
indices.push_back(k1 + 1);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if (i != (stacks - 1)) {
|
|
||||||
indices.push_back(k1 + 1);
|
|
||||||
indices.push_back(k2);
|
|
||||||
indices.push_back(k2 + 1);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glGenVertexArrays(1, &sphereVAO);
|
|
||||||
glGenBuffers(1, &sphereVBO);
|
|
||||||
glGenBuffers(1, &sphereEBO);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glBindVertexArray(sphereVAO);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sphereVBO);
|
|
||||||
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertices.size() * sizeof(GLfloat), vertices.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sphereEBO);
|
|
||||||
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indices.size() * sizeof(GLuint), indices.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
|
|
||||||
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(GLfloat), (void*)0);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glBindVertexArray(0);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
sphereVertexCount = vertices.size() / 3;
|
|
||||||
sphereIndexCount = indices.size();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::drawDebugTriangle() {
|
|
||||||
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
|
|
||||||
glLoadIdentity();
|
|
||||||
glOrtho(-1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
|
|
||||||
glLoadIdentity();
|
|
||||||
gluLookAt(4e11, 3e11, 4e11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
|
|
||||||
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
|
|
||||||
glVertex3f(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f);
|
|
||||||
glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
|
|
||||||
glVertex3f(0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f);
|
|
||||||
glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
|
|
||||||
glVertex3f(0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f);
|
|
||||||
glEnd();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
float Renderer::calculateGravityFieldStrength(const glm::vec3& point, const std::vector<CelestialBody>& bodies) {
|
|
||||||
float fieldStrength = 0.0f;
|
|
||||||
const float G = 6.67430e-11f; // Gravitational constant
|
|
||||||
const float scalingFactor = 1e20f; // Greatly increased scaling factor
|
|
||||||
for (const auto& body : bodies) {
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 bodyPos = body.getPosition();
|
|
||||||
float distance = glm::length(glm::vec3(bodyPos) - point);
|
|
||||||
if (distance < 1e9f) distance = 1e9f; // Prevent division by zero
|
|
||||||
fieldStrength += scalingFactor * G * static_cast<float>(body.getMass()) / (distance * distance);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return fieldStrength;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::drawGrid(const Simulator& simulator) {
|
|
||||||
const float gridSize = 5e13f;
|
|
||||||
const int gridLines = 80;
|
|
||||||
const float lineSpacing = gridSize / gridLines;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glBegin(GL_LINES);
|
|
||||||
glColor3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f); // Lighter gray for better visibility
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
for (int i = -gridLines/2; i <= gridLines/2; ++i) {
|
|
||||||
float pos = i * lineSpacing;
|
|
||||||
glVertex3f(-gridSize/2, 0, pos);
|
|
||||||
glVertex3f(gridSize/2, 0, pos);
|
|
||||||
glVertex3f(pos, 0, -gridSize/2);
|
|
||||||
glVertex3f(pos, 0, gridSize/2);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glEnd();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::drawTrajectories(const std::vector<CelestialBody>& bodies) {
|
|
||||||
glBegin(GL_LINES);
|
|
||||||
for (const auto& body : bodies) {
|
|
||||||
const auto& trajectory = body.getTrajectory();
|
|
||||||
if (trajectory.size() < 2) continue;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
for (size_t i = 1; i < trajectory.size(); ++i) {
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 p1(trajectory[i-1]);
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 p2(trajectory[i]);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Fade out older parts of the trajectory
|
|
||||||
float alpha = static_cast<float>(i) / trajectory.size();
|
|
||||||
glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, alpha * 0.5f);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glVertex3f(p1.x, p1.y, p1.z);
|
|
||||||
glVertex3f(p2.x, p2.y, p2.z);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
glEnd();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::processInput() {
|
|
||||||
float cameraSpeed = this->cameraSpeed * 1e1f;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 front(cameraFront.x, 0, cameraFront.z);
|
|
||||||
front = glm::normalize(front);
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 right = glm::normalize(glm::cross(front, cameraUp));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_W) == GLFW_PRESS)
|
|
||||||
cameraPos += front * cameraSpeed;
|
|
||||||
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_S) == GLFW_PRESS)
|
|
||||||
cameraPos -= front * cameraSpeed;
|
|
||||||
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_A) == GLFW_PRESS)
|
|
||||||
cameraPos -= right * cameraSpeed;
|
|
||||||
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_D) == GLFW_PRESS)
|
|
||||||
cameraPos += right * cameraSpeed;
|
|
||||||
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
|
|
||||||
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::cursorPosCallback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos) {
|
|
||||||
Renderer* renderer = static_cast<Renderer*>(glfwGetWindowUserPointer(window));
|
|
||||||
renderer->handleMouseMove(xpos, ypos);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::mouseButtonCallback(GLFWwindow* window, int button, int action, int mods) {
|
|
||||||
Renderer* renderer = static_cast<Renderer*>(glfwGetWindowUserPointer(window));
|
|
||||||
if (button == GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT) {
|
|
||||||
if (action == GLFW_PRESS) {
|
|
||||||
renderer->mousePressed = true;
|
|
||||||
glfwGetCursorPos(window, &renderer->lastMouseX, &renderer->lastMouseY);
|
|
||||||
} else if (action == GLFW_RELEASE) {
|
|
||||||
renderer->mousePressed = false;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::handleMouseMove(double xpos, double ypos) {
|
|
||||||
if (!mousePressed) return;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
float xoffset = xpos - lastMouseX;
|
|
||||||
float yoffset = lastMouseY - ypos;
|
|
||||||
lastMouseX = xpos;
|
|
||||||
lastMouseY = ypos;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
xoffset *= mouseSensitivity;
|
|
||||||
yoffset *= mouseSensitivity;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
yaw += xoffset;
|
|
||||||
pitch += yoffset;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if (pitch > 89.0f) pitch = 89.0f;
|
|
||||||
if (pitch < -89.0f) pitch = -89.0f;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
updateCameraVectors();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Renderer::updateCameraVectors() {
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 front;
|
|
||||||
front.x = cos(glm::radians(yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(pitch));
|
|
||||||
front.y = sin(glm::radians(pitch));
|
|
||||||
front.z = sin(glm::radians(yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(pitch));
|
|
||||||
cameraFront = glm::normalize(front);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
-52
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
//
|
|
||||||
// Created by Quinta on 7/12/2024.
|
|
||||||
//
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#ifndef GRAVITY_RENDERER_H
|
|
||||||
#define GRAVITY_RENDERER_H
|
|
||||||
#pragma once
|
|
||||||
#include <GL/glew.h>
|
|
||||||
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
|
|
||||||
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
|
|
||||||
#include "Simulator.h"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class Renderer {
|
|
||||||
public:
|
|
||||||
Renderer(int width, int height);
|
|
||||||
~Renderer();
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void render(const Simulator& simulator);
|
|
||||||
bool shouldClose();
|
|
||||||
void swapBuffers();
|
|
||||||
void processInput();
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
static void cursorPosCallback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos);
|
|
||||||
static void mouseButtonCallback(GLFWwindow* window, int button, int action, int mods);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
private:
|
|
||||||
GLFWwindow* window;
|
|
||||||
void drawSphere(const glm::vec3& position, float radius);
|
|
||||||
void createSphereMesh(float radius, int sectors, int stacks);
|
|
||||||
void drawDebugTriangle();
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
GLuint sphereVAO, sphereVBO, sphereEBO;
|
|
||||||
int sphereVertexCount, sphereIndexCount;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void drawGrid(const Simulator& simulator);
|
|
||||||
float calculateGravityFieldStrength(const glm::vec3& point, const std::vector<CelestialBody>& bodies);
|
|
||||||
void drawTrajectories(const std::vector<CelestialBody>& bodies);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 cameraPos;
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 cameraFront;
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 cameraUp;
|
|
||||||
float cameraSpeed;
|
|
||||||
float mouseSensitivity;
|
|
||||||
float yaw;
|
|
||||||
float pitch;
|
|
||||||
bool mousePressed;
|
|
||||||
double lastMouseX, lastMouseY;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void updateCameraVectors();
|
|
||||||
void handleMouseMove(double xpos, double ypos);
|
|
||||||
};
|
|
||||||
#endif //GRAVITY_RENDERER_H
|
|
||||||
-103
@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
//
|
|
||||||
// Created by Quinta on 7/12/2024.
|
|
||||||
//
|
|
||||||
#include "Simulator.h"
|
|
||||||
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
|
|
||||||
#include <iostream>
|
|
||||||
#include <algorithm>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Simulator::Simulator() {}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Simulator::addBody(const CelestialBody& body) {
|
|
||||||
bodies.push_back(body);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Simulator::update(double dt) {
|
|
||||||
// Sort bodies by mass (descending order)
|
|
||||||
std::sort(bodies.begin(), bodies.end(), [](const CelestialBody& a, const CelestialBody& b) {
|
|
||||||
return a.getMass() > b.getMass();
|
|
||||||
});
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Calculate and apply gravitational forces
|
|
||||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < bodies.size(); ++i) {
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 totalForce(0.0f);
|
|
||||||
for (size_t j = 0; j < bodies.size(); ++j) {
|
|
||||||
if (i != j) {
|
|
||||||
glm::vec3 force = calculateGravitationalForce(bodies[i], bodies[j]);
|
|
||||||
totalForce += force;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
bodies[i].applyForce(totalForce);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Update positions and velocities
|
|
||||||
for (size_t i = 1; i < bodies.size(); ++i) { // Start from 1 to skip the Sun
|
|
||||||
bodies[i].update(dt);
|
|
||||||
bodies[i].addToTrajectory(bodies[i].getPosition());
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Check for collisions
|
|
||||||
checkCollisions();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 Simulator::calculateGravitationalForce(const CelestialBody& body1, const CelestialBody& body2) {
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 direction = body2.getPosition() - body1.getPosition();
|
|
||||||
double distance = glm::length(direction);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Avoid division by zero and unrealistic forces at very small distances
|
|
||||||
if (distance < 1e9) {
|
|
||||||
std::cout << "Warning: Bodies too close, using minimum distance" << std::endl;
|
|
||||||
distance = 1e9;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Use the actual G value
|
|
||||||
const double G = 6.67430e-11;
|
|
||||||
double forceMagnitude = G * (body1.getMass() * body2.getMass()) / (distance * distance);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if (std::isnan(forceMagnitude) || std::isinf(forceMagnitude)) {
|
|
||||||
return glm::dvec3(0.0);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
return glm::normalize(direction) * forceMagnitude;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Simulator::handleCollision(CelestialBody& body1, CelestialBody& body2) {
|
|
||||||
double totalMass = body1.getMass() + body2.getMass();
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Calculate center of mass position
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 newPosition = (body1.getPosition() * body1.getMass() + body2.getPosition() * body2.getMass()) / totalMass;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Calculate new velocity (momentum conservation)
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 newVelocity = (body1.getVelocity() * body1.getMass() + body2.getVelocity() * body2.getMass()) / totalMass;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Calculate new radius (assuming constant density)
|
|
||||||
double newRadius = std::pow(std::pow(body1.getRadius(), 3) + std::pow(body2.getRadius(), 3), 1.0/3.0);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Create new body
|
|
||||||
CelestialBody newBody(totalMass, newPosition, newVelocity, newRadius);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Replace body1 with the new body
|
|
||||||
body1 = newBody;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Remove body2
|
|
||||||
auto it = std::find_if(bodies.begin(), bodies.end(), [&body2](const CelestialBody& b) {
|
|
||||||
return &b == &body2;
|
|
||||||
});
|
|
||||||
if (it != bodies.end()) {
|
|
||||||
bodies.erase(it);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void Simulator::checkCollisions() {
|
|
||||||
for (size_t i = 0; i < bodies.size(); ++i) {
|
|
||||||
for (size_t j = i + 1; j < bodies.size(); ++j) {
|
|
||||||
CelestialBody& body1 = bodies[i];
|
|
||||||
CelestialBody& body2 = bodies[j];
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 distanceVec = body1.getPosition() - body2.getPosition();
|
|
||||||
double distance = glm::length(distanceVec);
|
|
||||||
if (distance < (body1.getRadius() + body2.getRadius())) {
|
|
||||||
handleCollision(body1, body2);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
-27
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
//
|
|
||||||
// Created by Quinta on 7/12/2024.
|
|
||||||
//
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#ifndef GRAVITY_SIMULATOR_H
|
|
||||||
#define GRAVITY_SIMULATOR_H
|
|
||||||
#pragma once
|
|
||||||
#include <vector>
|
|
||||||
#include "CelestialBody.h"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class Simulator {
|
|
||||||
public:
|
|
||||||
Simulator();
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
void addBody(const CelestialBody& body);
|
|
||||||
void update(double dt);
|
|
||||||
const std::vector<CelestialBody>& getBodies() const { return bodies; }
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 calculateGravitationalForce(const CelestialBody& body1, const CelestialBody& body2);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
private:
|
|
||||||
std::vector<CelestialBody> bodies;
|
|
||||||
const float G = 6.67430e-11f; // Gravitational constant
|
|
||||||
void checkCollisions();
|
|
||||||
void handleCollision(CelestialBody& body1, CelestialBody& body2);
|
|
||||||
};
|
|
||||||
#endif //GRAVITY_SIMULATOR_H
|
|
||||||
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
//
|
|
||||||
// Created by Quinta on 7/12/2024.
|
|
||||||
//
|
|
||||||
#include "Simulator.h"
|
|
||||||
#include "Renderer.h"
|
|
||||||
#include <chrono>
|
|
||||||
#include <thread>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
glm::dvec3 calculateOrbitalVelocity(double centralMass, double distance) {
|
|
||||||
const double G = 6.67430e-11;
|
|
||||||
double speed = std::sqrt(G * centralMass / distance);
|
|
||||||
return glm::dvec3(0, speed, 0); // Assuming orbit in the XZ plane
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
int main() {
|
|
||||||
Simulator simulator;
|
|
||||||
Renderer renderer(1600, 1200);
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
double sunMass = 1.989e30;
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Sun (at the center)
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(sunMass, glm::dvec3(0, 0, 0), glm::dvec3(0, 0, 0), 6.96e8));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Mercury
|
|
||||||
double mercuryDist = 57.9e9;
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(3.285e23, glm::dvec3(mercuryDist, 0, 0), calculateOrbitalVelocity(sunMass, mercuryDist), 2.44e6));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Venus
|
|
||||||
double venusDist = 108.2e9;
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(4.867e24, glm::dvec3(venusDist, 0, 0), calculateOrbitalVelocity(sunMass, venusDist), 6.05e6));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Earth
|
|
||||||
double earthDist = 149.6e9;
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(5.972e24, glm::dvec3(earthDist, 0, 0), calculateOrbitalVelocity(sunMass, earthDist), 6.37e6));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Mars
|
|
||||||
double marsDist = 227.9e9;
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(6.39e23, glm::dvec3(marsDist, 0, 0), calculateOrbitalVelocity(sunMass, marsDist), 3.39e6));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Jupiter
|
|
||||||
double jupiterDist = 778.5e9;
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(1.898e27, glm::dvec3(jupiterDist, 0, 0), calculateOrbitalVelocity(sunMass, jupiterDist), 69.91e6));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Saturn
|
|
||||||
double saturnDist = 1.429e12;
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(5.683e26, glm::dvec3(saturnDist, 0, 0), calculateOrbitalVelocity(sunMass, saturnDist), 58.23e6));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Uranus
|
|
||||||
double uranusDist = 2.871e12;
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(8.681e25, glm::dvec3(uranusDist, 0, 0), calculateOrbitalVelocity(sunMass, uranusDist ), 25.36e6));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Neptune
|
|
||||||
double neptuneDist = 4.495e12;
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(1.024e26, glm::dvec3(neptuneDist, 0, 0), calculateOrbitalVelocity(sunMass, neptuneDist), 24.62e6));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// Pluto
|
|
||||||
double plutoDist = 5.906e12;
|
|
||||||
simulator.addBody(CelestialBody(1.309e22, glm::dvec3(plutoDist, 0, 0), calculateOrbitalVelocity(sunMass, plutoDist), 1.18e6));
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
const float dt = 3600.0f; // Time step of 1 hour
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
while (!renderer.shouldClose()) {
|
|
||||||
renderer.processInput();
|
|
||||||
simulator.update(dt);
|
|
||||||
renderer.render(simulator);
|
|
||||||
renderer.swapBuffers();
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(16));
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
return 0;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
{
|
|
||||||
"default-registry": {
|
|
||||||
"kind": "git",
|
|
||||||
"baseline": "3f530d4827b064f5894e94a8946473d40999826e",
|
|
||||||
"repository": "https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg"
|
|
||||||
},
|
|
||||||
"registries": [
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
"kind": "artifact",
|
|
||||||
"location": "https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg-ce-catalog/archive/refs/heads/main.zip",
|
|
||||||
"name": "microsoft"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
]
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
-10
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
{
|
|
||||||
"dependencies": [
|
|
||||||
"freeglut",
|
|
||||||
"glew",
|
|
||||||
"glfw3",
|
|
||||||
"glm",
|
|
||||||
"opengl",
|
|
||||||
"vcpkg-cmake"
|
|
||||||
]
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user